Spinal surgery is a method of treating spinal related diseases and injuries. Spinal surgery can treat different spinal problems through different techniques and methods, such as spinal deformities, spinal injuries, spinal tumors, degenerative diseases of the spine, etc. The therapeutic goals of spinal surgery include pain relief, spinal stabilization, restoration of spinal function, and prevention of further injury. Surgical procedures may include spinal fusion, discectomy, implantation of spinal screws or pedicle screws. Spinal surgery requires a detailed preoperative evaluation, including history, physical examination, and imaging. Surgical risks and postoperative rehabilitation also need to be considered. Postoperative rehabilitation includes physical therapy, rehabilitation training, medication, etc., to help patients restore spinal function and reduce pain. Overall, spinal surgery is an effective way to treat spine-related problems, but requires comprehensive evaluation and decision making on a case-by-case basis. Postoperative rehabilitation is also very important, and patients need to actively cooperate with the guidance and treatment of doctors and rehabilitators.